We all yearn to spend time in nature, and thankfully there's no shortage of incredible sights to enjoy; from mighty mountains and roaring waterfalls to thick forests and beautiful beaches, we're spoiled for choice. In this article, we will explore one natural phenomenon in particular—rock formations.Constructed using limestone during the time of the Chinese Sui Dynasty, it spans 167 feet (51m) and has a striking 'open-spandrel', segmental arch design (a feature that didn't reach Europe ...Oct 13, 2020 · Limestone mining and utilization in Missouri began in the mid 1800s. The amount mined prior to 1920 is not known for certain. Since that time, however, reliable statistics do indicate that 3.1 billion short tons of limestone having a present value of about $17.5 billion have been mined in Missouri from 1920 to present. Limestone. Limestone is a sedimentary rock consisting of more than 50% calcium carbonate ( calcite - CaCO 3 ). There are many different types of limestone formed through a variety of processes. Limestone can be precipitated from water ( non-clastic, chemical or inorganic limestone), secreted by marine organisms such as algae and coral ... Limestone is sedimentary rock, so it must have formed at the Earth’s surface. It starts off as sediment, and it must have more than 50% calcium carbonate in it to qualify as limestone. Rock such as mudstone or sandstone – where the grains have come down rivers and been delivered to the sea – they can have a highish calcium carbonate ... Hypothesis: If rainwater pH levels are lower (more acidic), then the rate of limestone weathering will be higher, particularly in geographical areas rich in limestone …Liberty Formation, limestone (50%) and shale (50%), interbedded; gray weathers yellowish gray; planar to irregular, thin to medium bedded; 20 to 40 feet thick. Interval ranges from 60 to 150 feet in thickness. The Geological Survey of Ohio recognizes the Cincinnati Group proposed by Meek and Worthen (1865), but at this time retains it as an ...Some of these limestone formations even reach up to a height of 70 metres! The unique geology of Tsingy de Bemaraha, as inhospitable as it sounds, is also a biodiversity hotspot. But there’s a ...Limestone formations in Turkey. Photo by Arns Civray on Unsplash. ... The company will cook materials such as ground limestone, which is mostly calcium tied up with carbon dioxide, at temperatures ...Limestone origins. Limestone is a very common sedimentary rock consisting of more than 50% calcium carbonate. Although it occurs in many different forms, its origins can be traced back to either chemical or biochemical processes that occurred in the geological past, often tens to hundreds of millions of years ago.For the vug-fractured limestone formations, the accurate characterization of different leakage zones is the basis for research. The FMI (Formation MicroScanner Image) log is a technology that can accurately portray borehole leakage zones and is used to analyze the formation properties surrounding the borehole (Wilson et al., 2013). The lost ...Limestone is a sedimentary rock made almost entirely of fossils. Fossils are the remains of ancient plants and animals, like an imprint in a rock or actual bones and shells that have turned into rock. Fossils are found in sedimentary rocks and hold the clues to life on Earth long ago. Limestone: You humans would know so little without rocks ...May 9, 2021 · There are three limestone formations that make up the cave system: the Girkin, St. Genevieve, and St. Louis. The Big Clifty Sandstone formation acts as protective layer at the top of ridges. Mammoth Cave’s passages descend through a total thickness of 300 feet of limestone, occupying all of the Girkin and St. Genevieve, and half of the St. Louis. China is set to dominate the deep sea and its wealth of rare metals. KINGSTON, Jamaica — When the 5,100-ton Dayang Hao, one of China’s most advanced deep-water expedition vessels, left port ...Limestone’s most common use is as a crushed construction material, serving as a base for roads and ballast in railroads, but it also combines with crushed shale in a kiln to make cement and serves as an aggregate material in concrete. Limes...Semi-quantitative analysis of allochems from the Urswick Limestone Formation (Asbian) of the southern Lake District area of northern England has revealed a distinctive cyclicity of …This limestone formation is a part of the Stone Forest, which is spread over about 400 square kilometres in Lunan county (Yunnan province) of the People's Republic of China. The countless stone formations in the Forest have different shapes—from high pillars and camel humps to elephant shapes—caused by the fury of nature millions of years ago.Research Question: How does the varying pH level of rainwater influence the rate of limestone weathering in different geographical locations?. Hypothesis: If rainwater pH levels are lower (more acidic), then the rate of limestone weathering will be higher, particularly in geographical areas rich in limestone formations, due to increased chemical dissolution.Solution caves form when rainwater percolates through the soil, picks up carbon dioxide (from both the air and soil), forming a weak acid. This acidic water squeezes between the small cracks and layers of bedrock, such as limestone, and dissolves out a small channel in the rock for the water to flow. The water actively dissolves minerals in the ...Soulful South Korea – 21-30 April 2024. If there’s one part of the world that has its peak season in spring it’s East Asia, where sakura (cherry blossom) season embellishes city parks and gardens with a lovely light pink hue. Japan might mop up huge swathes of this tourism boom, but we think South Korea is the place to see sakura bloom.The limestone in particular is important, both economically for its use in cement manufacture and as a building material, as well as practically; a porous limestone formation in the Texas Hill Country is the reservoir of the Edwards Aquifer, a vital water source to millions.26 de set. de 2020 ... Limestone is a relatively abundant and low-cost material used for producing calcium oxide as a CO 2 adsorbent. However, the CO 2 capture ...Limestone with shells is an. Organic rock. Non-foliated rock's grains are. Randomly arranged. Granite could become. Gneiss. Is a form of limestone. Geological Society - Deposition of Sediment How can you tell that this is a metamorphic rock? Having recrystallised under great heat and/or pressure, metamorphic rocks are usually hard and non-porous.The Stone Forest is a notable set of limestone formations located near Shilin approximately 120 km (75 mi) from the provincial capital Kunming, China. The tall rocks seem to emanate from the ground in the manner of stalagmites, with many loing like petrified trees thereby creating the illusion of a forest made of stone.Get lost in the otherworldly limestone formations at Tsingy de Bemaraha Strict Nature Reserve, or venture off-shore to the beaches and resorts on Nosy Be. Read More. Best Hotels Things To Do.The limestone and shale sections in the Taiyuan Formation in the SNCB are different mechanical stratigraphic units. 5-10 limestone sections with depth 2-15 m were developed in the top, bottom and middle of the Taiyuan Formation, and the shale section (with thin interlayers of fine sandstone (usually less than 2 m) and coal (less than 1 m ...Journey to the island of St. Maarten and explore the formation of limestone.Formation and type Limestone stalagmites. The most common stalagmites are speleothems, which usually form in limestone caves. Stalagmite formation occurs only under certain pH conditions within the cavern. They form through deposition of calcium carbonate and other minerals, which is precipitated from mineralized water solutions.Limestone is the chief form of calcium carbonate rock, which is ...A cross section of the Peak District showing the structure of an eroded dome The Derbyshire Dome is a geological formation across mid- Derbyshire in England. Geology Map of the Peak District The White Peak area of the Peak District is named after the limestone plateau landscape of the 'Derbyshire Dome' anticline. The plateau is generally between 200m and 300m above sea level. This limestone ...Supai Group formations in the western part of the canyon contain limestone, indicative of a warm, shallow sea, while the eastern part was probably a muddy river delta. This formation consists of red siltstones …The Queen's Staircase is a historic staircase carved out of solid limestone by enslaved laborers in the late 18th century. It consists of 66 steps and is a significant cultural and historical landmark, offering visitors a glimpse into the island's past and providing a unique architectural and natural experience. ... These natural formations are ...These rocks are associated with the product of nature and man working to find benefit by using sedimentary rocks for various purposes. Sandstone, coal, limestone, and conglomerate, as well as andesite, shale, and marble are some of the most common rocks you’ll find in the Philippines. The rocks of the Philippines can be mostly categorized as ...Limestone? In SW Australia I live in a coastal regiom of Autralia and their are many outcrops of limestone and granite along the coast line, within the bush there are these stark stones seemingly different and up high on the hill that eventually leads down to the beach.Limestone? In SW Australia I live in a coastal regiom of Autralia and their are many outcrops of limestone and granite along the coast line, within the bush there are these stark stones seemingly different and up high on the hill that eventually leads down to the beach.The Queen's Staircase is a historic staircase carved out of solid limestone by enslaved laborers in the late 18th century. It consists of 66 steps and is a significant cultural and historical landmark, offering visitors a glimpse into the island's past and providing a unique architectural and natural experience. ... These natural formations are ...The process of limestone formation typically occurs in shallow, warm, marine environments where the accumulation and compaction of sedimentary materials takes place over long periods of time. Limestone can also form from the evaporation of water in caves and other confined spaces.Formation and type Demonstration of drip stone formation in a lab. The blue color is due to the addition of cupric ions (Cu 2+) to the mother solution. Limestone stalactites. The most common stalactites are speleothems, which occur in limestone caves. They form through deposition of calcium carbonate and other minerals, which is precipitated from mineralized water solutions.Indiana limestone is a more common term for Salem Limestone, a geological formation primarily quarried in south central Indiana, USA, between the cities of Bloomington and Bedford. It has been called the best quarried limestone in the United States. Indiana limestone, like all limestone, is a rock primarily formed of calcium carbonate.Natural resource geology. Galena is the official state mineral of Missouri and lead mining began in the 1720s in Madison County, spearheaded by French miners. The state is the leading extractor of lead in the U.S., both from galena and sphalerite. The minerals are sourced from Mississippi Valley Type deposits, deposited through hydrothermal ...Man-Pupu-Nyor, Komi Republic, Russia. Photo: Ovchinnikova Irina /Shutterstock. Man-Pupu-Nyor means “Little Mountain of the Gods” and is the name of the hill on which these formations — the Seven Giants — stand. The Komi Republic is remote and sparsely populated, the Ural Mountains rising to its east. The republic gets its name …The Crossword Solver found 30 answers to "Limestone formation", 6 letters crossword clue. The Crossword Solver finds answers to classic crosswords and cryptic crossword puzzles. Enter the length or pattern for better results. Click the answer to find similar crossword clues . Enter a Crossword Clue.Egg formation begins with the formation of the yolk and albumen, which requires protein and energy deposition to occur early in the day. ... To this end, coarse limestone (2-5 mm) and oystershell (2-8 mm) are used, but as they can be abrasive to mechanical equipment, they are frequently offered as a top-dressed supplement during …the wind, and the sea; landforms developed on limestone; extraterrestrial landforms; and landscape evolution, a discussion of ancient landforms. Fundamentals of Geomorphology provides a ... This textbook covers all important aspects of mountain glaciers, from their formation and their importance as water reservoirs to the threat posed by ...Use this printable infographic to learn about the rock cycle. There are three main types of rocks: sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic. Each of these rocks are formed by physical changes—such as melting, cooling, eroding, compacting, or deforming —that are part of the rock cycle. Sedimentary rocks are formed from pieces of other existing ...An icon used to represent a menu that can be toggled by interacting with this icon.History and Archaeology of The Burren Recap of the Burren's unique characteristics and significance Geological Formation: The Burren's karst landscape is a distinctive and intriguing geological formation that has been shaped over millions of years. It is primarily composed of limestone, specifically a type known as Carboniferous limestone.How is limestone formed? Limestone has two origins: (1) biogenic precipitation from seawater, the primary agents being lime-secreting organisms and foraminifera; and (2) mechanical transport and deposition of preexisting limestones, forming clastic deposits. Travertine, tufa, caliche, chalk, sparite, and micrite are all varieties of limestone.2. Role in the Formation of Limestone and Marble: Limestone is a sedimentary rock primarily composed of calcite. It forms from the accumulation of calcite-rich shells, coral fragments, and other organic debris. Over time, the pressure from overlying sediments compacts these materials, and the minerals cement together to form solid limestone.There are many parks protecting these eroded limestone formations in the southeast, south, and northwest of China. They range from watery green terrain to otherworldly rocky outcroppings, and they are beautiful places for recreation, hiking, and sightseeing. Chinese: 喀斯特地貌 Kāsītè Dìmào /car-srr-ter dee-maow/ 'Karst Landform' The unusual rock formations that grace Mono Lake’s shores are known as tufa. Tufa towers are beautiful, and they are also important habitat, from nesting sites for Osprey and owls to underwater habitat for alkali flies. Tufa forms in a variety of ways at Mono Lake, but the most visible and remarkable formations are the towers that stand tall ...But most caves form in karst, a type of landscape made of limestone, dolomite, ... The icicle-shaped formations are called stalactites and form as water drips from the cave roof.Limestone is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Dolomite, CaMg(CO3)2, is an uncommon mineral in limestone, and siderite or other carbonate minerals are rare. However, the calcite in limestone often contains a few percent of … See moreMain Street Formation - Tarrant County. The Main Street formation overlaying the Paw Paw is a resistant limestone formed from supersaturated lime mud. The contact between the two formations represents a transgression of the Cretaceous oceans. The Main Street weathers to a white or grayish white color. was a deeper water environment than the Paw ... The limestone was dissolved with water (1:1; w/w) and stirred at 50ºC for 10 min. The limestone pulp then was mixed with urea to find 4 levels of urea including 100, 75, 50 and 25% of Ca concentration of limestone. Table 1 shows the portions of Nitrogen Degradation of Limestone-urea Mixtures in Goats (M.A. Harahap et al.) 283 Table 1.Oct 20, 2023 · Ocala group. Comprises (ascending) Inglis, Williston, and Crystal River formations. Because "Ocala limestone" at type locality has been quarried and type section destroyed and exposures in vicinity of Ocala represent only about 40 feet of sediments (basal section in most pits belongs to Williston member) cotype locality is herein designated. Name: Mt. Daraitan Difficulty: 4/9 Jump-Off: Barangay Daraitan, Tanay, Rizal Features: Tinipak River, limestone formations, and panoramic view of Sierra Madre mountain range My trip to Mt. Daraitan. My classmate in college named Bren asked me if I want to hike a mountain and I told him yes because I want to experience hiking.Limestone. Limestone, a sedimentary rock abundant in New Zealand, consists mainly of the bones and shells of tiny marine fossils made of lime (calcium carbonate). Rocks with more than 50% calcium carbonate are considered to be limestone. Most New Zealand limestone deposits formed in the Oligocene and Miocene periods, 5–37 million years ago.7 de mar. de 2016 ... In this work, Streptomyces luteogriseus DHS C014, a dominant lithophilous actinobacteria isolated from microbial mats on limestone rocks, was ...Sep 29, 2021 · Geologic Formations. Death Valley National Park is one of many units within the National Park service established because of its underlying geologic theme. Death Valley NP is renowned world-wide for its exposed, complex, unique tectonics and diverse geologic resources. Contained within its boundaries is a diverse rock record stretching ... For the vug-fractured limestone formations, the accurate characterization of different leakage zones is the basis for research. The FMI (Formation MicroScanner Image) log is a technology that can accurately portray borehole leakage zones and is used to analyze the formation properties surrounding the borehole (Wilson et al., 2013). The lost ...Rock iguanas have long, straight tails and short, powerful limbs, which helps them climb trees and limestone formations. They have a flap of skin called a dewlap located in the throat area that helps with temperature regulation. Spiny-tailed iguanas are large omnivorous animals, and black spiny-tailed iguanas are the fastest running lizards, …How Is Limestone Formed. From a geological perspective, the formation of limestone takes place in two different environments, sedimentation in deep marine water and water evaporation during cave formation. Marine Environment to Form Limestone. In oceans, a variety of living organisms thriving in the ecosystem.An accurate estimate of the thickness of the Upper Palaeozoic limestones is not available. The limestone formations have presented a problem to the Malayan ...Helderberg Group (Devonian) at surface, covers 0.5 % of this area. Mostly cherty limestone, with some sandstone and shale. Contains several named stratigraphic units, including the Keyser Formation, which is partly Silurian and includes the Clifton Forge Sandstone and Big Mountain Shale Members. A special sight in any cave are the strange and one-of-a-kind formations known as speleothems! Some places within the Mammoth Cave abound in wonderful formations not to be missed. In wetter areas these may be calcite formations like stalactites and stalagmites. In drier areas the cave formations may display as gypsum flowers and “snowballs”.Little Jerusalem Badlands State Park in Kansas has its very own interesting rock formations, created a millennia ago. The Life on the Rocks Trail is a 1.5-mile introduction to this unique state park.The Chocolate Hills (Cebuano: Mga Bungtod sa Tsokolate, Filipino: Mga Tsokolateng Burol) are a geological formation in the Bohol province of the Philippines. There are at least 1,260 hills, but there may be as many as 1,776 hills spread over an area of more than 50 square kilometers (20 sq mi). They are covered in green grass that turns brown during …4 de abr. de 2019 ... Inishmore Island - Limestone Formations#. Inishmore Island - Limestone Formations, July 2017 ...Formation and type Limestone stalagmites. The most common stalagmites are speleothems, which usually form in limestone caves. Stalagmite formation occurs only under certain pH conditions within the cavern. They form through deposition of calcium carbonate and other minerals, which is precipitated from mineralized water …High-permeability formations that are potential lost-circulation zones are those of shallow sand with permeability in excess of 10 darcies. Generally, deep sand has low permeability and presents no loss-of-circulation problems. In noncavernous thief zones, ... Vugular formations (e.g., limestone and chalk)Conestoga Formation (Ordovician and Cambrian) at surface, covers 13 % of this area. Light-gray, thin-bedded, impure, contorted limestone having shale partings; conglomeratic at base; in Chester Valley, includes micaceous limestone in upper part, phyllite in middle, and alternating dolomite and limestone in lower part.Limestone caves often contain stalagmites as well as stalactites. These structures grow on the floor, with a thick base and a point that looks up towards the cave ceiling.Formation and Composition of the Chocolate Hills. The Chocolate Hills are an unusual geologic formation that consists of over 1,200 conical mounds, each varying in height from 30 to 50 meters. The hills are made of limestone and are covered with lush green vegetation, which gives them their iconic chocolate color.has mainly a dome structure containing limestone and Cretaceous sandstone (28 - 9 Ma). In the east part of this area, the main geological formations are Somali basalts series (7 - 3 Ma) while Darha basalts series (9 - 4 Ma) are distributed in the west part of this district. Djibouti district facing the Gulf of Tadjoura is occupied only byLimestone can be formed in a few different ways. Because limestone's main characteristic is that it is a sedimentary rock made of calcium carbonate, there are a few possibilities for the formation ...Travertine limestone and calcareous tufa consist of calcium carbonate deposited from hard water. Stalactites and stalagmites in caves are formed in the same way. Limestone rock is often riddled with caves because water and carbon dioxide dissolve the limestone. Chalk is a soft, white limestone containing the shells of foraminifera. Indiana limestone is a more common term for Salem Limestone, a geological formation primarily quarried in south central Indiana, USA, between the cities of Bloomington and Bedford. It has been called the best quarried limestone in the United States. Indiana limestone, like all limestone, is a rock primarily formed of calcium carbonate. The three layers. A layer of limestone covers most of the surface of modern Egypt. Beneath this lies a bed of sandstone, and this earlier sandstone is the surface rock in Nubia and southern Upper Egypt, as far north as the area between Edfu and Luxor. The oldest ground of modern Egypt comprises outcrops of metamorphic and igneous rocks.This limestone formation is a part of the Stone Forest, which is spread over about 400 square kilometres in Lunan county (Yunnan province) of the People's Republic of China. The countless stone formations in the Forest have different shapes—from high pillars and camel humps to elephant shapes—caused by the fury of nature millions of years ago.There may be several reasons why your iPhone is performing slowly, such as too many resource-hungry apps or not enough storage space. If you want to return your iPhone to its factory default settings, you can use your PC and iTunes to forma...Known the Salem Limestone, this geological formation is a uniform outcrop of pale stone that lies directly beneath the surface of much of southern Indiana; in some places, it reaches thirty meters in depth (Ambers 246). The shape of this limestone formation, together with that of the siltstone that intermingles with it, is responsible for the ...Layer feed contains additional nutrients like calcium for shell formation. Calcium Supplement: Layers require a higher calcium intake to support eggshell formation. Providing a calcium supplement, such as oyster shell or limestone, free-choice or mixed with the feed, is essential. Feed Form: Layers can be fed in pellet or crumble form.Here the Troy Formation overlies the Chapelton Formation of the Yellow Limestone Group. The Troy Formation consists of massive to medium-bedded limestones and dolostones; the unit is often pink or brown, but may also be white or grey, with all variations between. In general, dolostones and recrystallized limestones dominate. When underground rivers work deeper, or water-filled cavities are drained, the resulting free spaces (often the higher or older chambers) can be decorated with various types of crystalline calcium carbonate formations. After passing through limestone, the acidic water contains calcium carbonate in soluble form, now present in solution as ...Natural resource geology. Galena is the official state mineral of Missouri and lead mining began in the 1720s in Madison County, spearheaded by French miners. The state is the leading extractor of lead in the U.S., both from galena and sphalerite. The minerals are sourced from Mississippi Valley Type deposits, deposited through hydrothermal ...For limestone formation with a certain dip angle fracture, horizontal well is drilled in the direction opposite to the fracture tendency, i.e., the fracture tendency +180° direction, the equivalent density of the collapse pressure is the lowest.
It's a member of a Kansas City formation "consisting of 15 to 25 feet of limestone (locally called 'cotton rock') underlying Galesburg shale and overlying Ladore shale." Richard Gentile, a geology professor emeritus at University of Missouri-Kansas City, sketched where Bethany Falls limestone is in relation to the rock landing that .... Community spotlight del rio tx
The formations are technically known as ‘hoodoos’, which occur when soft rocks like sandstone are topped with harder volcanic rock. The soft rock erodes, leaving thin columns with bulbous tops. Must-Instagram formations include Elephant Rock, Fairy Shoe and Queen’s Head, the latter so-called for its resemblance to a regal profile.reaches of the basin are due to weathering of limestone and dolomites of the Uttarkashi and Tejam formation. Variation in TDS in the Alaknanda basin is controlled primarily by lithology and climate. The present study indicates that meltwater in the source area contains approximately 27, 31 and 26% of the Ca, TDS, and HC03 respectively of thehas mainly a dome structure containing limestone and Cretaceous sandstone (28 - 9 Ma). In the east part of this area, the main geological formations are Somali basalts series (7 …The beautiful ancient marine limestone rocks used to stand at over 1,000 meters tall. Millions of years of erosion have reduced them to their present size. According to researchers and respected geologists, the Halong bay we see now was formed roughly 8,000 years ago dating back to a period in our Earth’s history called ‘The Middle …The process of limestone formation typically occurs in shallow, warm, marine environments where the accumulation and compaction of sedimentary materials takes place over long periods of time. Limestone can also form from the evaporation of water in caves and other confined spaces.Man-Pupu-Nyor, Komi Republic, Russia. Photo: Ovchinnikova Irina /Shutterstock. Man-Pupu-Nyor means “Little Mountain of the Gods” and is the name of the hill on which these formations — the Seven Giants — stand. The Komi Republic is remote and sparsely populated, the Ural Mountains rising to its east. The republic gets its name …Ha Long Bay is 103 miles (165 kilometers) from Hanoi (formerly known as Thang Long, “Ascending Dragon.”) It’s accessible by bus, taxi, motorbikes, ferry, hydrofoil, and private tour ...Discover the wonder of Ruakuri Cave See Glowworms right up close in this magical cave. Journey down through the spectacular spiral entrance, marvel at the limestone formations and crystal tapestries in this uniquely sustainable experience (this is a solar powered cave!).While limestone itself doesn’t affect the environment, limestone mining can have a negative impact. On the other hand, the environment can affect limestone by breaking it down. Limestone mining can pollute water and create sinkholes.Limestone can be found in caves, cliffs, and other geological formations. The process of how limestone is formed starts with the accumulation of organic and inorganic materials. …A limestone member, the Hindsville Member, found mostly in western outcrops, is a crystalline, fossiliferous limestone that, when present, usually occurs at the base of the formation. In western Arkansas the Hindsville Member may be the only representative of this unit.The most common form of stalactites and stalagmites appear in limestone caves, formed of calcium carbonate by dripping water. These limestone formations build up over a long period of time, often spanning thousands of years. A view of stalactite and stalagmite formation in caves. Also seen is a column formation due to the meeting and fusion of ...Spending a night in a desert camp in the White Desert is a surreal landscape of white limestone formations resembling mushrooms, icebergs, or animals. You can also gaze at the stars and enjoy the silence and solitude of the desert. Relaxing in a spa or a hammam in Cairo is a great way to pamper yourself and your partner.Limestone landscapes. Limestone is one of the most common sedimentary rocks found in New Zealand. Eye-catching features such as caves, sinkholes and spectacular skyline landscapes are often associated with limestone formations. These landforms have developed through the interaction of rocks, water and climate. The coarse fraction derives from weathering of the cave’s limestone bedrock. Tectonic activity and structural instability caused the erosional retreat of the scarp face, ….